Làm thử Đề kiểm tra rèn kĩ năng làm bài lần 1 · Tiếng Anh 12 · THPT Chuyên Bắc Giang · 2025–2026

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8. The contemporary employment landscape is witnessing a notable shift in employee behavior, moving away from the previously prevalent trend of ‘job hopping’. For years, frequent job changes were often perceived negatively, sometimes even discrediting an employee’s commitment. However, recent data suggests a significant decline in voluntary resignations. This new phenomenon, termed ‘job hugging’, describes a situation where employees opt to remain in their current positions, effectively ‘holding tight’ to their jobs. Statistics from the American labor market indicate a substantial decrease in the number of workers quitting their jobs compared to previous years, highlighting this evolving trend. Data from 2024 shows that 39.6 million Americans resigned from their jobs, an 11% drop from 2023 and a significant 22% decrease compared to 2022. This sharp decline reflects a major shift in employee attitudes, with many individuals choosing to ‘hug’ their current jobs rather than risk changing roles. This hesitation to switch roles is primarily driven by shifting economic realities rather than increased corporate loyalty. Tougher economic conditions, including financial instability, widespread layoffs and a general fear of unemployment, have made job security a paramount concern for many. Consequently, the perceived risks associated with seeking new opportunities often outweigh the potential benefits, such as higher salaries or career advancement. Employees are, therefore, prioritizing stability within their existing companies over the uncertainty of the external job market. A common characteristic of individuals engaged in ‘job hugging’ is a heightened aversion to risk-taking in their career decisions. They may continue in roles even when experiencing dissatisfaction, choosing to endure familiar challenges rather than venturing into the unknown. This often involves valuing job security above personal growth or exploring new career paths. For these employees, the fear of a worse outcome in a new environment often compels them to stay put, even when other opportunities might exist. This pattern suggests a strategic decision to minimize exposure to market volatility.

Read the leaflet about medical tourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14. Your Journey to World-Class Healthcare Starts with YouMec! Discover a superior healthcare experience at YouMec International Hospital, an (9) ______ leader in medical tourism! Our JCI-accredited facilities offer (10) ______ cutting-edge treatments in cardiology, oncology, and aesthetics, powered by stronger partnerships with global (11) ______ like the Johns Hopkins Hospital or Cleveland Clinic. (12) ______ our commitment to excellence, we provide seamless support with multilingual interpreters, tailored diets, and (13) ______ high-end services. Moreover, our advanced technology and compassionate care will deliver the best outcomes at affordable costs. Choose YouMec for a better and healthier version of you, backed by world-class expertise and personalized attention. Let’s (14) ______ your strength and start your transformative medical journey from today!

Read the leaflet about medical tourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14. Your Journey to World-Class Healthcare Starts with YouMec! Discover a superior healthcare experience at YouMec International Hospital, an (9) ______ leader in medical tourism! Our JCI-accredited facilities offer (10) ______ cutting-edge treatments in cardiology, oncology, and aesthetics, powered by stronger partnerships with global (11) ______ like the Johns Hopkins Hospital or Cleveland Clinic. (12) ______ our commitment to excellence, we provide seamless support with multilingual interpreters, tailored diets, and (13) ______ high-end services. Moreover, our advanced technology and compassionate care will deliver the best outcomes at affordable costs. Choose YouMec for a better and healthier version of you, backed by world-class expertise and personalized attention. Let’s (14) ______ your strength and start your transformative medical journey from today!

Read the leaflet about medical tourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14. Your Journey to World-Class Healthcare Starts with YouMec! Discover a superior healthcare experience at YouMec International Hospital, an (9) ______ leader in medical tourism! Our JCI-accredited facilities offer (10) ______ cutting-edge treatments in cardiology, oncology, and aesthetics, powered by stronger partnerships with global (11) ______ like the Johns Hopkins Hospital or Cleveland Clinic. (12) ______ our commitment to excellence, we provide seamless support with multilingual interpreters, tailored diets, and (13) ______ high-end services. Moreover, our advanced technology and compassionate care will deliver the best outcomes at affordable costs. Choose YouMec for a better and healthier version of you, backed by world-class expertise and personalized attention. Let’s (14) ______ your strength and start your transformative medical journey from today!

Read the leaflet about medical tourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14. Your Journey to World-Class Healthcare Starts with YouMec! Discover a superior healthcare experience at YouMec International Hospital, an (9) ______ leader in medical tourism! Our JCI-accredited facilities offer (10) ______ cutting-edge treatments in cardiology, oncology, and aesthetics, powered by stronger partnerships with global (11) ______ like the Johns Hopkins Hospital or Cleveland Clinic. (12) ______ our commitment to excellence, we provide seamless support with multilingual interpreters, tailored diets, and (13) ______ high-end services. Moreover, our advanced technology and compassionate care will deliver the best outcomes at affordable costs. Choose YouMec for a better and healthier version of you, backed by world-class expertise and personalized attention. Let’s (14) ______ your strength and start your transformative medical journey from today!

Read the leaflet about medical tourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14. Your Journey to World-Class Healthcare Starts with YouMec! Discover a superior healthcare experience at YouMec International Hospital, an (9) ______ leader in medical tourism! Our JCI-accredited facilities offer (10) ______ cutting-edge treatments in cardiology, oncology, and aesthetics, powered by stronger partnerships with global (11) ______ like the Johns Hopkins Hospital or Cleveland Clinic. (12) ______ our commitment to excellence, we provide seamless support with multilingual interpreters, tailored diets, and (13) ______ high-end services. Moreover, our advanced technology and compassionate care will deliver the best outcomes at affordable costs. Choose YouMec for a better and healthier version of you, backed by world-class expertise and personalized attention. Let’s (14) ______ your strength and start your transformative medical journey from today!

Read the leaflet about medical tourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14. Your Journey to World-Class Healthcare Starts with YouMec! Discover a superior healthcare experience at YouMec International Hospital, an (9) ______ leader in medical tourism! Our JCI-accredited facilities offer (10) ______ cutting-edge treatments in cardiology, oncology, and aesthetics, powered by stronger partnerships with global (11) ______ like the Johns Hopkins Hospital or Cleveland Clinic. (12) ______ our commitment to excellence, we provide seamless support with multilingual interpreters, tailored diets, and (13) ______ high-end services. Moreover, our advanced technology and compassionate care will deliver the best outcomes at affordable costs. Choose YouMec for a better and healthier version of you, backed by world-class expertise and personalized attention. Let’s (14) ______ your strength and start your transformative medical journey from today!

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 15 to 24. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly generative AI, has sparked a profound debate concerning their impact on human cognition. While celebrated for their capacity to enhance productivity and automate complex tasks, a growing body of research suggests that an over-reliance on these technologies might inadvertently blunt our thinking skills. This apprehension echoes historical concerns, such as Socrates’s distrust of the written word, which he feared would diminish memory and intellectual rigor. Though the great philosopher’s specific fears about writing proved unfounded, the underlying anxiety about new cognitive technologies and their potential to reshape our mental faculties persists in the age of AI. Empirical studies are now providing concrete evidence for these contemporary worries. Researchers have observed that even seasoned professionals tend to disengage their critical thinking skills when routinely using generative AI for tasks requiring analysis or synthesis. Furthermore, excessive dependence on AI during learning processes has been linked to reduced brain connectivity and a decrease in the memorability of information. This phenomenon is often attributed to a maladaptive form of “cognitive offloading,” where instead of using AI to free up mental resources for higher-order thinking, individuals delegate fundamental cognitive processes entirely. Such delegation, when unchecked, hinders the development and maintenance of essential mental muscles, potentially transforming our minds into mere passive recipients rather than active processors of information. [I] However, the narrative is not entirely one of decline. Many experts propose that AI, when leveraged judiciously, can serve as a powerful tool for human intelligence. The key lies in shifting from passive consumption to active, critical engagement. [II] Instead of asking AI for complete answers, users can employ it to generate diverse perspectives, identify potential biases, or even challenge their own assumptions. This approach transforms AI from a crutch into a sparring partner, fostering a dynamic interaction that can sharpen reasoning and deepen understanding. [III] Strategies include fact-checking AI outputs, iteratively refining prompts to encourage deeper processing, and dedicating mental effort to understanding why AI provides certain information. The challenge, therefore, is not to reject AI, but to cultivate a mindful approach to its integration into our daily lives and professional practices. [IV] By understanding the mechanisms of cognitive offloading and consciously designing interactions that promote active learning and critical evaluation, we can harness AI’s immense potential without succumbing to its pitfalls. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, educators, and developers to foster “AI literacy” — the ability to effectively and ethically engage with AI technologies. Ultimately, the future impact of AI on human cognition will be less about the technology’s inherent nature and more about how we choose to interact with it.

Read the instructions on how to prepare for solo travel and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best word or phrase to fill in the blanks from 25 to 30. TIPS FOR SOLO TRAVELLING For those intending to embark on a solo journey, careful preparation is essential to ensure both safety and the (25) ______ of authentic experiences. The first step is choosing a destination that is welcoming but not (26) ______ by mass tourism. Solo travelers might consider smaller, walkable towns that allow for easy navigation and deeper cultural immersion. Before departure, it is also advisable to share the itinerary with family or friends, download offline maps to reduce travel stress, and pack lightly to remain self-reliant. Once abroad, being mindful (27) ______ local customs, including dress codes, is crucial, as this not only ensures respect but also enriches the overall experience and fosters connections with locals. Upon arrival, travelers should seek (28) ______ from hostel staff. To safeguard finances, only one bank card should be carried, cash should be kept in separate pockets, and real-time location sharing should be avoided. Finally, travelers should consider (29) ______ local events or small group activities, which enables them to engage (30) ______ with other people while still uncovering hidden gems off the beaten path.

Read the instructions on how to prepare for solo travel and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best word or phrase to fill in the blanks from 25 to 30. TIPS FOR SOLO TRAVELLING For those intending to embark on a solo journey, careful preparation is essential to ensure both safety and the (25) ______ of authentic experiences. The first step is choosing a destination that is welcoming but not (26) ______ by mass tourism. Solo travelers might consider smaller, walkable towns that allow for easy navigation and deeper cultural immersion. Before departure, it is also advisable to share the itinerary with family or friends, download offline maps to reduce travel stress, and pack lightly to remain self-reliant. Once abroad, being mindful (27) ______ local customs, including dress codes, is crucial, as this not only ensures respect but also enriches the overall experience and fosters connections with locals. Upon arrival, travelers should seek (28) ______ from hostel staff. To safeguard finances, only one bank card should be carried, cash should be kept in separate pockets, and real-time location sharing should be avoided. Finally, travelers should consider (29) ______ local events or small group activities, which enables them to engage (30) ______ with other people while still uncovering hidden gems off the beaten path.

Read the instructions on how to prepare for solo travel and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best word or phrase to fill in the blanks from 25 to 30. TIPS FOR SOLO TRAVELLING For those intending to embark on a solo journey, careful preparation is essential to ensure both safety and the (25) ______ of authentic experiences. The first step is choosing a destination that is welcoming but not (26) ______ by mass tourism. Solo travelers might consider smaller, walkable towns that allow for easy navigation and deeper cultural immersion. Before departure, it is also advisable to share the itinerary with family or friends, download offline maps to reduce travel stress, and pack lightly to remain self-reliant. Once abroad, being mindful (27) ______ local customs, including dress codes, is crucial, as this not only ensures respect but also enriches the overall experience and fosters connections with locals. Upon arrival, travelers should seek (28) ______ from hostel staff. To safeguard finances, only one bank card should be carried, cash should be kept in separate pockets, and real-time location sharing should be avoided. Finally, travelers should consider (29) ______ local events or small group activities, which enables them to engage (30) ______ with other people while still uncovering hidden gems off the beaten path.

Read the instructions on how to prepare for solo travel and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best word or phrase to fill in the blanks from 25 to 30. TIPS FOR SOLO TRAVELLING For those intending to embark on a solo journey, careful preparation is essential to ensure both safety and the (25) ______ of authentic experiences. The first step is choosing a destination that is welcoming but not (26) ______ by mass tourism. Solo travelers might consider smaller, walkable towns that allow for easy navigation and deeper cultural immersion. Before departure, it is also advisable to share the itinerary with family or friends, download offline maps to reduce travel stress, and pack lightly to remain self-reliant. Once abroad, being mindful (27) ______ local customs, including dress codes, is crucial, as this not only ensures respect but also enriches the overall experience and fosters connections with locals. Upon arrival, travelers should seek (28) ______ from hostel staff. To safeguard finances, only one bank card should be carried, cash should be kept in separate pockets, and real-time location sharing should be avoided. Finally, travelers should consider (29) ______ local events or small group activities, which enables them to engage (30) ______ with other people while still uncovering hidden gems off the beaten path.

Read the instructions on how to prepare for solo travel and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best word or phrase to fill in the blanks from 25 to 30. TIPS FOR SOLO TRAVELLING For those intending to embark on a solo journey, careful preparation is essential to ensure both safety and the (25) ______ of authentic experiences. The first step is choosing a destination that is welcoming but not (26) ______ by mass tourism. Solo travelers might consider smaller, walkable towns that allow for easy navigation and deeper cultural immersion. Before departure, it is also advisable to share the itinerary with family or friends, download offline maps to reduce travel stress, and pack lightly to remain self-reliant. Once abroad, being mindful (27) ______ local customs, including dress codes, is crucial, as this not only ensures respect but also enriches the overall experience and fosters connections with locals. Upon arrival, travelers should seek (28) ______ from hostel staff. To safeguard finances, only one bank card should be carried, cash should be kept in separate pockets, and real-time location sharing should be avoided. Finally, travelers should consider (29) ______ local events or small group activities, which enables them to engage (30) ______ with other people while still uncovering hidden gems off the beaten path.

Read the instructions on how to prepare for solo travel and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best word or phrase to fill in the blanks from 25 to 30. TIPS FOR SOLO TRAVELLING For those intending to embark on a solo journey, careful preparation is essential to ensure both safety and the (25) ______ of authentic experiences. The first step is choosing a destination that is welcoming but not (26) ______ by mass tourism. Solo travelers might consider smaller, walkable towns that allow for easy navigation and deeper cultural immersion. Before departure, it is also advisable to share the itinerary with family or friends, download offline maps to reduce travel stress, and pack lightly to remain self-reliant. Once abroad, being mindful (27) ______ local customs, including dress codes, is crucial, as this not only ensures respect but also enriches the overall experience and fosters connections with locals. Upon arrival, travelers should seek (28) ______ from hostel staff. To safeguard finances, only one bank card should be carried, cash should be kept in separate pockets, and real-time location sharing should be avoided. Finally, travelers should consider (29) ______ local events or small group activities, which enables them to engage (30) ______ with other people while still uncovering hidden gems off the beaten path.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35. Preserving the Night Sky: The Fight Against Light Pollution At a time when interest in astronomy is on the increase, amateur astronomers (31) ______. The reason for this is that the night sky is gradually being lost due to light pollution, (32) ______. In response to this growing threat, the International Dark Sky Association has decided to award Dark Sky Reserve status to places that have so far escaped the adverse effects of light pollution. (33) ______. Up to now, only a handful of places have been granted Dark Sky Reserve Status, but there are plans for others to be added so that amateur astronomers can continue to enjoy the night sky just as much as their professional counterparts. (34) ______. Additionally, educational programs are also being developed to raise awareness among communities about the importance of reducing light pollution. If consistently supported by the governments and citizens, (35) ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35. Preserving the Night Sky: The Fight Against Light Pollution At a time when interest in astronomy is on the increase, amateur astronomers (31) ______. The reason for this is that the night sky is gradually being lost due to light pollution, (32) ______. In response to this growing threat, the International Dark Sky Association has decided to award Dark Sky Reserve status to places that have so far escaped the adverse effects of light pollution. (33) ______. Up to now, only a handful of places have been granted Dark Sky Reserve Status, but there are plans for others to be added so that amateur astronomers can continue to enjoy the night sky just as much as their professional counterparts. (34) ______. Additionally, educational programs are also being developed to raise awareness among communities about the importance of reducing light pollution. If consistently supported by the governments and citizens, (35) ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35. Preserving the Night Sky: The Fight Against Light Pollution At a time when interest in astronomy is on the increase, amateur astronomers (31) ______. The reason for this is that the night sky is gradually being lost due to light pollution, (32) ______. In response to this growing threat, the International Dark Sky Association has decided to award Dark Sky Reserve status to places that have so far escaped the adverse effects of light pollution. (33) ______. Up to now, only a handful of places have been granted Dark Sky Reserve Status, but there are plans for others to be added so that amateur astronomers can continue to enjoy the night sky just as much as their professional counterparts. (34) ______. Additionally, educational programs are also being developed to raise awareness among communities about the importance of reducing light pollution. If consistently supported by the governments and citizens, (35) ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35. Preserving the Night Sky: The Fight Against Light Pollution At a time when interest in astronomy is on the increase, amateur astronomers (31) ______. The reason for this is that the night sky is gradually being lost due to light pollution, (32) ______. In response to this growing threat, the International Dark Sky Association has decided to award Dark Sky Reserve status to places that have so far escaped the adverse effects of light pollution. (33) ______. Up to now, only a handful of places have been granted Dark Sky Reserve Status, but there are plans for others to be added so that amateur astronomers can continue to enjoy the night sky just as much as their professional counterparts. (34) ______. Additionally, educational programs are also being developed to raise awareness among communities about the importance of reducing light pollution. If consistently supported by the governments and citizens, (35) ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35. Preserving the Night Sky: The Fight Against Light Pollution At a time when interest in astronomy is on the increase, amateur astronomers (31) ______. The reason for this is that the night sky is gradually being lost due to light pollution, (32) ______. In response to this growing threat, the International Dark Sky Association has decided to award Dark Sky Reserve status to places that have so far escaped the adverse effects of light pollution. (33) ______. Up to now, only a handful of places have been granted Dark Sky Reserve Status, but there are plans for others to be added so that amateur astronomers can continue to enjoy the night sky just as much as their professional counterparts. (34) ______. Additionally, educational programs are also being developed to raise awareness among communities about the importance of reducing light pollution. If consistently supported by the governments and citizens, (35) ______.

Question 37. a. Mia: Hey, have you started revising for the graduation exam yet? b. Sam: That’d be awesome. We could quiz each other and sort out the tricky topics. c. Mia: Perfect! Let’s meet at my place on Saturday and power through those practice tests. d. Sam: Yeah, I’ve been hitting the books hard, especially for math. It’s tougher than I thought! e. Mia: Tell me about it! I’m freaking out over chemistry. Want to study together this weekend?

Question 38. Dear Dr. Holmes, Principal of ABC Highschool a. We believe this event will foster community spirit and allow students to contribute meaningfully to Heart of Gold, helping many disadvantaged children get better access to healthcare. b. On behalf of the Music Club, I am writing to respectfully request your permission to organize a musical event on school premises to raise funds for Heart of Gold. c. We commit to handling all logistics, including supervision and financial reporting, responsibly. d. We propose holding this event on 15th December in the school’s auditorium, aiming to showcase our students’ musical talent for a worthy cause. e. For further information, I am available to meet at your convenience to discuss this further. Thank you for considering our request. Sincerely,

Question 39. a. However, this sudden exposure can be overwhelming, placing immense pressure on its delicate ecosystems and resources. b. Once considered a hidden gem, known only to a few locals and accessible via an unmarked trail in the early 1990s, its visitor numbers have dramatically surged. c. A prime example is Horseshoe Bend, a spectacular U-shaped curve in the Colorado River. d. Social networking platforms, particularly Instagram, have acted as a powerful catalyst for this transformation. e. The rise of social media has profoundly transformed how natural landmarks are discovered and experienced. (Adapted from: Vox news)

Question 40. a. However, despite this increase in opportunities, many fields still lack sufficient training programs, especially in smaller towns. b. Career paths have evolved dramatically over the years, with more options available than ever before. c. The rise of digital technologies has also created new jobs, especially in fields like IT, marketing, and online business. d. This shift in the job market has led to a surge in specialized education and training, giving people a chance to pursue various career interests. e. As a result, more young people are seeking out non-traditional careers that allow for remote work and flexible schedules. (Adapted from: i-Learn Smart World)