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Tạo tài khoản

Đây là bản xem thử. Phiên bản đầy đủ trong ứng dụng có bài tập, AI chấm ngay và theo dõi tiến độ học.

Bài học

Must va have to: nghia vu tu dat ra va quy dinh tu ben ngoai

Muc tieu bai hoc

Sau bai hoc nay, em phan biet duoc must (nghia vu tu minh thay can) voi have to (nghia vu den tu mot quy dinh ben ngoai), chia dung have to theo ngoi va thi, va khong con nham mustn't voi don't have to.

Kien thuc nen can co

Em da biet cac dong tu khuyet thieu (modal verbs) nhu can, will khong chia theo ngoi, khong them s. Have to khac han o diem nay: no chia theo ngoi va thi giong mot dong tu thuong (has to, don't have to, didn't have to), con must thi khong bao gio doi dang.

Cau hoi khoi dong

Nam noi: "I must finish my science project tonight" - day la dieu chinh Nam tu thay can lam xong truoc khi di ngu, khong ai ep. Lan lai noi: "We have to wear the school uniform on Mondays" - day la quy dinh cua nha truong, khong phai Lan tu nghi ra. Ca hai cau deu dich sang tieng Viet la phai, vay diem khac nhau giua must va have to nam o dau?

Nghia vu tu dat ra va nghia vu tu ben ngoai

Must dien ta mot nghia vu ma chinh nguoi noi cam thay can thiet, hoac mot y kien rat manh cua nguoi noi. Have to dien ta mot nghia vu den tu quy dinh, luat le, hoac mot nguoi khac co tham quyen - nha truong, cha me, phap luat. Ve hinh thuc, have to chia theo chu ngu va thi: I/you/we/they have to, he/she/it has to, phu dinh don't have to/doesn't have to, qua khu had to. Must chi co dung mot dang, khong chia, va khong co dang qua khu de dien ta nghia vu - muon noi ve mot nghia vu da qua, em phai muon had to.

Diem hoc sinh hay nham nhat khong nam o phan khang dinh, ma o phan phu dinh. Mustn't (khong duoc phep lam, bi cam) va don't have to (khong bat buoc, nhung lam cung duoc) nghe co ve gan nhau vi ca hai deu bat dau tu must/have to, nhung mang y nghia trai nguoc hoan toan. Bai sau se dao sau mustn't khi noi ve cam doan, con bai nay em chi can nho mot dieu: hai tu nay khong the thay the cho nhau.

So do phan loai cau theo ba nhom must, have to va don't have to.Nghia vu tuthay can (must)I mustapologise toherYou must behonestWe must protectthe environmentQuy dinh tu benngoai (have to)You have towear a uniformHe has tosubmit his IDcardThey have toarrive before 7a.m.Khong bat buoc(don't have to)You don't haveto bring lunchShe doesn'thave to attend
Sap xep tung cau vao dung nhom truoc khi lam tiep phan luyen tap ben duoi.
Ví dụ
Phan biet must va have to trong mot quy dinh lop hoc
  1. 1

    Trang dang giai thich noi quy cho ban moi: "At my school, we ___ wear the school uniform every day; it's the rule." Dien must hay have to? Bay o day la nghi must luon dung vi cau dang noi ve nghia vu.

  2. 2

    Quy dinh mac dong phuc den tu nha truong, dat ra cho tat ca hoc sinh, khong phai y muon ca nhan cua Trang, nen day la have to - nghia vu tu ben ngoai, khong phai must.

  3. 3

    Voi ba cach dien: (a) must, (b) have to, (c) has to - loai (a) vi must dien ta nghia vu tu dat ra, khong khop voi "it's the rule" (mot quy dinh co san, khong phai y kien ca nhan cua Trang); loai (c) vi chu ngu o day la we (tat ca hoc sinh trong truong), have to khong them s cho ngoi nay.

  4. 4

    have to.

  5. 5

    Have to chia theo ngoi (has to voi he/she/it); must thi khong chia bao gio. Neu cau doi thanh "My mother says I ___ tidy my room before dinner," ca must (Trang tu thay can) va have to (quy dinh gia dinh) deu co the dung, tuy vao ai dang phat bieu.

Ví dụ
Have to doi theo ngoi va thi
  1. 1

    An muon ke lai mot quy dinh cu o truong tieu hoc: "Last year, students ___ bring a notebook computer to class." Bay o day la giu nguyen have to/has to ma khong doi thi.

  2. 2

    "Last year" la tin hieu thoi gian qua khu, nen have to phai chuyen sang dang qua khu had to, bat ke chu ngu la gi.

  3. 3

    (a) have to, (b) has to, (c) had to, (d) must - loai (a),(b) vi ca hai deu la thi hien tai, sai tin hieu "last year"; loai (d) vi must khong co dang qua khu de dien ta mot nghia vu da xay ra roi ket thuc.

  4. 4

    had to.

  5. 5

    Have to doi theo thi giong mot dong tu thuong: have to/has to (hien tai), had to (qua khu), will have to (tuong lai); must chi dung duoc cho hien tai/tuong lai gan, khong ton tai dang "musted".

Ví dụ
Sua loi mustn't/don't have to
  1. 1

    Hoa viet trong nhat ky: "On Sundays, we mustn't do homework because our teacher doesn't give any." Y that su cua Hoa la bai tap khong bat buoc, khong phai bi cam. Bay nam o tu mustn't.

  2. 2

    Mustn't mang nghia bi cam, khong duoc phep lam; trong khi y Hoa muon noi la "khong bat buoc phai lam, nhung lam cung khong sao" - day chinh la nghia cua don't have to, khong phai mustn't.

  3. 3

    Thay mustn't bang don't have to: "On Sundays, we don't have to do homework because our teacher doesn't give any."

  4. 4

    On Sundays, we don't have to do homework because our teacher doesn't give any.

  5. 5

    Mustn't = bi cam; don't have to = khong bat buoc, van duoc phep lam neu muon. Hai cum tu nhin giong nhau nhung mang y nghia hoan toan trai nguoc o phan phu dinh - day la cap de nham nhat trong ca chuong nay.

Luyen tap co huong dan

Luyen tap doc lap

Loi thuong gap

Bay hay gap nhat cua bai nay: dung mustn't khi y that su la khong bat buoc - luon tu hoi lai xem dieu nay co that su bi cam khong, hay chi la khong can lam. Bay thu hai: quen chia has to cho chu ngu so it, hoac quen doi have to thanh had to khi cau co moc thoi gian qua khu.

Tom tat

Must la nghia vu tu minh thay can, khong chia dang; have to la nghia vu tu mot quy dinh ben ngoai, chia theo ngoi va thi nhu mot dong tu thuong. O phan phu dinh, mustn't (bi cam) va don't have to (khong bat buoc) mang hai nghia hoan toan khac nhau, khong the doi cho nhau.

Bai tiep theo chuyen sang should - mot muc do nhe hon han cua nghia phai: mot loi khuyen, khong phai mot nghia vu bat buoc nhu must hay have to.