Bài học

Doc hieu hoat dong tinh nguyen truong hoc

Muc tieu

Sau bai hoc nay, em ap dung dung chien luoc doc hieu bon buoc — doc luot, xac dinh tu khoa, tim bang chung cu the, roi moi chon dap an — de tra loi cau hoi ve mot bai doc mieu ta hoat dong tinh nguyen o truong hoc.

Kien thuc nen can co

Vong tu vung va cau truc de xuat cua Chuong 3 se xuat hien lai trong bai doc nay, cung voi there is/are, gioi tu vi tri va must/have to cua cac chuong truoc. Bai nay khong day them ngu phap moi ma tap trung vao ky nang doc hieu de vien.

Cau hoi khoi dong

De thi giua ky va cuoi ky luon co mot bai doc hieu dai khoang 100 den 150 tu, theo sau la 4-5 cau hoi. Nhieu ban lam sai khong phai vi khong hieu tu vung, ma vi doc qua nhanh, khong quay lai tim bang chung cu the trong bai truoc khi chon dap an.

Chien luoc doc hieu bon buoc

Buoc mot: doc luot ca bai mot lan de nam y chinh — ai, lam gi, o dau, khi nao — khong can hieu tung tu. Buoc hai: doc tung cau hoi va xac dinh tu khoa can tim trong bai, thuong la ten rieng, con so, hoac mot cum danh tu cu the.

Buoc ba, quay lai bai doc va dinh vi chinh xac cau chua tu khoa do — day la buoc quan trong nhat va cung la buoc hoc sinh hay bo qua nhat. Buoc bon, doi chieu tung phuong an voi chinh cau van do, loai bo phuong an noi qua nhieu so voi bai (suy dien), thieu so voi bai, hoac trai nguoc voi bai.

Doi voi bai doc duoi day, em se ap dung ca bon buoc. Doc ky truoc khi lam cac cau hoi phia sau: 'Last Saturday, students from Class 7A organised a volunteer day at Hoa Binh Park near their school. In the morning, they cleaned up the park and collected more than twenty bags of rubbish along the lake. In the afternoon, the class visited a small charity centre for elderly people nearby. They brought fruit and warm clothes, and they spent two hours talking with the residents and listening to their stories. Mai, the class monitor, said that the elderly people were surprised and happy because not many young visitors came during the week. Before leaving, the students also raised some money among themselves and gave it to the centre so it could buy more blankets for winter. Their teacher, Mr Quang, said this kind of activity matters because it teaches students to care about people around them, not just about exams and grades.'

Buoc ba — quay lai tim bang chung — la buoc quyet dinh do chinh xac.

Ví dụ

Ap dung chien luoc cho cau hoi thong tin cu the

1
Question: How many bags of rubbish did the students collect? Day la dang cau hoi tim thong tin cu the (con so), can dinh vi chinh xac trong bai, khong doan.
2
Cau trong bai doc: 'they cleaned up the park and collected more than twenty bags of rubbish along the lake.' Tu khoa collected va bags of rubbish trung khop voi cau hoi.
3
(a) Exactly twenty bags — loai vi bai noi more than twenty, tuc la nhieu hon hai muoi, khong phai dung hai muoi. (b) More than twenty bags — dung, khop chinh xac voi cau trong bai. (c) Less than twenty bags — loai vi trai nguoc voi thong tin bai doc. (d) The passage doesn't say — loai vi bai doc da neu ro con so nay.
4
More than twenty bags.
5
Voi cau hoi ve con so, luon tim dung cum so lieu trong bai va chu y cac tu nhu more than, less than, about de khong chon nham dap an gan dung nhung sai lech.

Ví dụ

Ap dung chien luoc cho cau hoi suy luan y nghia

1
Question: Why does Mr Quang think this kind of activity matters? Day la dang cau hoi suy luan y nghia, can tim cau giai thich trong bai, khong phai mot con so hay ten rieng.
2
Cau cuoi bai doc: 'it teaches students to care about people around them, not just about exams and grades.' Day chinh la ly do Mr Quang dua ra.
3
(a) Because it helps students get better exam results — loai vi bai doc noi nguoc lai, hoat dong nay quan trong hon ca diem so va thi cu. (b) Because it teaches students to care about people around them — dung, dung y bai doc. (c) Because the school requires it every week — loai vi bai doc khong he noi day la hoat dong bat buoc hang tuan, chi la mot buoi tinh nguyen cu the. (d) Because parents asked for it — loai vi bai doc khong nhac gi den phu huynh.
(a) Because it helps students get better exam results — loai vi bai doc noi nguoc lai, hoat dong nay quan trong hon ca diem so va thi cu. (b) Because it teaches students to care about people around them — dung, dung y bai doc. (c) Because the school requires it every week — loai vi bai doc khong he noi day la hoat dong bat buoc hang tuan, chi la mot buoi tinh nguyen cu the. (d) Because parents asked for it — loai vi bai doc khong nhac gi den phu huynh.
4
Because it teaches students to care about people around them.
5
Cau hoi suy luan y nghia van can bang chung that trong bai, khong phai suy dien tu kien thuc ben ngoai. Luon tim cau goc, dac biet la nhung cau o dau hoac cuoi doan.

Ví dụ

Ap dung chien luoc cho cau hoi tham chieu tu vung

1
Question: In the sentence 'They brought fruit and warm clothes, and they spent two hours talking with the residents...', what does 'they' refer to? Day la dang cau hoi tham chieu, kiem tra kha nang xac dinh dai tu thay the cho danh tu nao.
2
Cau truoc do trong bai la 'the class visited a small charity centre for elderly people nearby.' Chu ngu chinh cua doan la the class, nen they thay the cho the students in Class 7A.
3
(a) The elderly people — loai vi elderly people la tan ngu nhan hanh dong, khong phai chu ngu thuc hien hanh dong bring/spend. (b) The students in Class 7A — dung, khop voi chu ngu chinh xuyen suot doan van. (c) Mr Quang — loai vi thay giao chi duoc nhac den o cau cuoi, khong lien quan cau nay. (d) The charity centre — loai vi trung tam tu thien la mot noi chon, khong the 'mang trai cay' hay 'noi chuyen'.
4
The students in Class 7A.
5
Cau hoi tham chieu dai tu can tim dung chu ngu gan nhat va hop logic ve mat hanh dong, khong chi dua vao vi tri gan nhat trong cau.

Sai lam thuong gap

Loi hay gap nhat la chon mot phuong an 'nghe co ve dung' vi phu hop voi suy nghi thong thuong, thay vi phuong an khop voi chinh van ban. Bai doc chi noi rang hoat dong nay day hoc sinh biet quan tam den nguoi khac — khong noi gi ve diem so hay yeu cau bat buoc hang tuan, du hai y do nghe cung hop ly.

Luyen tap co huong dan

Luyen tap doc lap

Kiem tra nhanh

Ghi nho

Doc hieu tot khong phai doc nhanh nhat ma la biet dung lai dinh vi bang chung. Bon buoc: doc luot lay y chinh, xac dinh tu khoa cau hoi, dinh vi cau chua tu khoa, roi moi doi chieu tung phuong an voi chinh van ban.

Bai tiep theo em se tu viet mot doan van mieu ta hoat dong tinh nguyen cua rieng minh, dung dung cau truc cua mot doan van hoan chinh.