Bài học

There is/are voi mao tu chi dich vu cong cong

Muc tieu

Sau bai hoc nay, em dung dung there is/there are voi a/an/some de noi ve su ton tai cua cac dich vu cong cong trong khu dan cu, va chon dung mao tu theo danh tu di kem la so it hay so nhieu.

Kien thuc nen can co

Tu lop 6, em da biet there is/there are dung de gioi thieu su vat ton tai o dau do, thuong di voi cac danh tu quen thuoc trong lop hoc hoac nha o. Bai nay dung lai cau truc do nhung ap dung vao mot boi canh moi: mieu ta cac dich vu cong cong nhu buu dien, thu vien, benh vien trong khu dan cu cua Nam.

Cau hoi khoi dong

Mot ban hoc sinh trao doi thu tu voi Nam muon biet khu Nam song co nhung dich vu gi. Nam dinh viet: 'Have a police station near my house' nhung cau nay thieu chu ngu va sai cau truc hoan toan. Cau dung phai bat dau bang there — vay there is va there are khac nhau the nao, va khi nao dung a/an, khi nao dung some?

There is/are voi mao tu chi dich vu cong cong

There is dung voi danh tu so it dem duoc, di kem a/an: 'There is a post office near my house.' There are dung voi danh tu so nhieu, khong can mao tu hoac di kem some khi so luong khong xac dinh ro: 'There are two hospitals in this town.' hoac 'There are some shops along this street.'

Khi noi ve mot dich vu duy nhat, chon a hoac an theo am dau cua danh tu: a police station, a library, an old fire station (an vi old bat dau bang nguyen am). Khi khong biet chinh xac so luong nhung biet la co nhieu hon mot, some la lua chon an toan: 'There are some schools near the park.' Dang phu dinh dung any thay vi some: 'There aren't any hospitals in this small town.'

Mot loi nho nhung quan trong: dong tu to be trong there is/are chia theo danh tu ngay sau no, khong phai theo y nghia so it hay so nhieu cua ca cau. 'There is a police station and a fire station' van dung vi danh tu dau tien, police station, la so it — quy tac nay chi ap dung khi liet ke, con voi mot danh tu duy nhat thi luon chia theo chinh danh tu do.

There is di voi danh tu so it, there are di voi danh tu so nhieu.

Chon dung there is hay there are phu thuoc hoan toan vao danh tu ngay sau no.

Ví dụ

Mieu ta khu dan cu bang there is/are

1
De bai: Khu Nam co mot buu dien va hai benh vien. Viet hai cau mieu ta dieu nay bang there is/there are. Bay: dung there is cho ca hai danh tu, khong chu y benh vien la so nhieu.
2
Buu dien la mot, so it, dung there is a post office. Hai benh vien la so nhieu, dung there are two hospitals.
3
(a) There is a post office. There is two hospitals. — loai vi hospitals so nhieu phai dung there are. (b) There is a post office. There are two hospitals. — dung. (c) There are a post office. There are two hospitals. — loai vi post office so it phai dung there is. (d) There is post office. There are two hospitals. — loai vi thieu mao tu a truoc post office.
4
There is a post office. There are two hospitals.
5
There is/are chia theo danh tu ngay sau no, khong theo y nghia chung cua ca doan. Bien the: doi two hospitals thanh some hospitals khi khong can noi ro so luong.

Ví dụ

Phu dinh voi there isn't/aren't any

1
De bai: Khu vuc Nam song khong co benh vien nao ca. Viet cau phu dinh dung. Bay: viet 'There isn't some hospitals', dung nham some trong cau phu dinh thay vi any.
2
Danh tu hospitals la so nhieu nen dung there aren't any hospitals; cau phu dinh voi danh tu so nhieu khong xac dinh luon dung any, khong dung some.
3
(a) There isn't some hospitals in this area — loai vi sai ca there is (phai la there aren't vi danh tu so nhieu) lan some (phai la any trong cau phu dinh). (b) There aren't some hospitals in this area — loai vi cau phu dinh khong dung some. (c) There aren't any hospitals in this area — dung. (d) There isn't any hospitals in this area — loai vi hospitals so nhieu phai dung there aren't, khong phai there isn't.
4
There aren't any hospitals in this area.
5
Cau phu dinh voi danh tu so nhieu khong xac dinh luon dung any, khong bao gio dung some. Bien the: voi danh tu so it, phu dinh la there isn't a/an — 'There isn't a hospital in this area.'

Ví dụ

Cau hoi so luong voi how many

1
De bai: Ban muon hoi khu dan cu cua Trang co bao nhieu benh vien. Viet cau hoi dung dang there is/are. Bay: hoi 'How many hospital is there in your area?', quen s o hospital va chia sai dong tu.
2
Cau hoi so luong voi danh tu dem duoc dung How many + danh tu so nhieu + are there in + noi chon?
3
(a) How many hospital is there in your area? — loai vi thieu s o hospital va dung is thay vi are. (b) How many hospitals are there in your area? — dung. (c) How many hospitals is there in your area? — loai vi danh tu so nhieu hospitals phai di voi are, khong phai is. (d) How much hospitals are there in your area? — loai vi hospitals la danh tu dem duoc, phai dung how many, khong dung how much.
4
How many hospitals are there in your area?
5
How many + danh tu so nhieu + are there...? la khuon hoi so luong chuan cho danh tu dem duoc; how much dung cho danh tu khong dem duoc, vi du how much water.

Sai lam thuong gap

Loi hay gap nhat la chia there is/are theo cam giac 'nghe co ve so nhieu' thay vi nhin dung vao danh tu ngay sau no. 'There is a police station and two schools' van dung du tong cong co ba noi, vi danh tu dau tien, police station, la so it. Luon nhin danh tu gan there is/are nhat truoc khi chon dang dung.

Luyen tap co huong dan

Luyen tap doc lap

Kiem tra nhanh

Ghi nho

There is di voi danh tu so it (a/an), there are di voi danh tu so nhieu (some/so dem duoc). Luon nhin danh tu ngay sau there is/are de chon dung dang, dung doan theo cam giac cua ca cau.

Bai tiep theo dung lai chinh cac dich vu cong cong nay, nhung tap trung vao gioi tu chi vi tri de noi ro dich vu do nam o dau trong khu dan cu.