Tu vung hoat dong tinh nguyen
Muc tieu
Sau bai hoc nay, em nhan biet va su dung dung tu vung ve hoat dong tinh nguyen — volunteer, donate, raise money, charity, help the elderly, clean up the neighbourhood — de mieu ta cac hoat dong tinh nguyen pho bien o truong hoc va khu dan cu.
Em vua hoc xong cach mieu ta dich vu cong cong trong khu dan cu. Cac dich vu do — thu vien, benh vien, cong vien — chinh la nhung noi hoc sinh thuong tham gia tinh nguyen. Bai nay chuyen tu 'noi chon' sang 'lam gi o do'.
Cau hoi khoi dong
Truong Nam phat dong mot chien dich giup do sau bao lu. Co giao chu nhiem doc mot danh sach hoat dong: quyen gop quan ao, don ve sinh khu vuc bi ngap, tham va giup do nguoi gia trong khu dan cu. Nam muon viet mot doan ngan gioi thieu chien dich nay bang tieng Anh nhung con thieu rat nhieu tu vung can thiet.
Tu vung hoat dong tinh nguyen
Volunteer vua la danh tu (nguoi tinh nguyen) vua la dong tu (lam tinh nguyen): 'She is a volunteer.' / 'He volunteers at the hospital every weekend.' Donate (quyen gop) thuong di voi mot vat the: 'donate clothes', 'donate books', 'donate blood'. Raise money (gay quy) la cum dong tu co dinh, thuong di voi for de neu ro ly do gay quy: 'raise money for flood victims'.
Charity (danh tu) chi mot to chuc tu thien hoac hoat dong tu thien noi chung: 'a local charity', 'a charity event'. Help the elderly (giup do nguoi gia) va clean up the neighbourhood (don ve sinh khu dan cu) la hai cum hoat dong rat pho bien trong cac chien dich tinh nguyen o truong hoc Viet Nam. Ca hai deu dung duoc voi cau truc S + V + tan ngu nhu binh thuong: 'Students help the elderly in their free time.'
Mot so cum tu bo sung thuong xuat hien cung nhom nay: visit an orphanage (tham trai tre mo coi), plant trees (trong cay), collect rubbish (nhat rac). Nam sau khi hoc xong nhom tu nay se de dang viet duoc ca doan gioi thieu chien dich cua truong minh, thay vi chi dung mot vai tu don le nhu truoc.
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De bai: Mieu ta hai hoat dong cua chien dich truong Nam: quyen gop quan ao va don ve sinh khu vuc bi ngap. Bay: dung nham donate cho hoat dong don ve sinh, hoac nguoc lai.
- 2
Quyen gop quan ao la mot hanh dong trao tang vat the, dung donate clothes. Don ve sinh khu vuc la mot hanh dong lam sach, dung clean up the flooded area.
- 3(a) Students clean up clothes. Students donate the flooded area. — loai vi ghep sai ca hai dong tu voi tan ngu khong phu hop. (b) Students donate clothes. Students clean up the flooded area. — dung. (c) Students raise clothes. Students donate the flooded area. — loai vi raise khong dung voi mot vat the cu the nhu clothes theo cach nay. (d) Students volunteer clothes. Students clean up the flooded area. — loai vi volunteer khong di truc tiep voi mot vat the nhu clothes.
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Students donate clothes. Students clean up the flooded area.
- 5
donate di voi vat the cu the (clothes, books, blood); clean up di voi mot noi chon can lam sach. Bien the: doi clothes thanh books, flooded area thanh riverbank.
- 1
De bai: Truong to chuc mot buoi gay quy giup do nan nhan lu lut. Viet cau dung raise money for. Bay: quen for, hoac dung with thay vi for.
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raise money luon can for de neu ro doi tuong duoc gay quy giup do, o day la flood victims.
- 3
(a) The school raises money with flood victims — loai vi with sai gioi tu, khong neu dung ly do gay quy. (b) The school raises money flood victims — loai vi thieu for truoc flood victims. (c) The school raises money for flood victims — dung. (d) The school raises money to flood victims — loai vi to sai gioi tu, raise money luon di voi for chu khong phai to.
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The school raises money for flood victims.
- 5
raise money for + doi tuong la cum co dinh, khong doi gioi tu. Bien the: doi flood victims thanh a local charity, homeless people.
- 1
De bai: Viet hai cau ve Lan, mot cau dung volunteer nhu danh tu, mot cau dung volunteer nhu dong tu. Bay: viet 'Lan is volunteer', thieu mao tu a truoc danh tu volunteer.
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Volunteer la danh tu dem duoc nen can mao tu a/an: 'Lan is a volunteer.' Volunteer la dong tu thi chia binh thuong theo chu ngu: 'Lan volunteers at the hospital every weekend.'
- 3(a) Lan is volunteer. Lan volunteer at the hospital every weekend. — loai vi ca hai cau deu sai: thieu mao tu a, va dong tu khong chia s theo chu ngu ngoi thu ba. (b) Lan is a volunteer. Lan volunteers at the hospital every weekend. — dung. (c) Lan is a volunteers. Lan volunteer at the hospital every weekend. — loai vi danh tu so it khong them s, dong tu thieu s. (d) Lan is volunteering. Lan volunteers at the hospital every weekend. — loai vi cau dau doi nghia sang dang tiep dien, khong con la danh tu nhu de bai yeu cau.
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Lan is a volunteer. Lan volunteers at the hospital every weekend.
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Volunteer vua la danh tu (can mao tu, so it/so nhieu binh thuong) vua la dong tu (chia theo chu ngu). Luon xac dinh vai tro ngu phap truoc khi viet.
Loi hay gap nhat la lan lon donate va raise money: donate la trao tang truc tiep mot vat the (quan ao, sach, mau), con raise money la gay quy — tim cach thu tien tu nhieu nguoi, thuong qua mot su kien. 'I donated 50,000 dong' va 'We raised 50,000 dong at the event' nghe gan giong nhau nhung mieu ta hai hanh dong khac han.
Luyen tap co huong dan
Luyen tap doc lap
Kiem tra nhanh
Ghi nho
Tu vung tinh nguyen chia thanh hai huong: giup do con nguoi (volunteer, donate, raise money, help the elderly) va bao ve moi truong/khu dan cu (clean up, plant trees, collect rubbish). Chon dong tu dung ngu canh, khong lam lan donate voi raise money.
Bai tiep theo dung chinh nhung tu vung nay de hoc cach de xuat mot hoat dong tinh nguyen bang should va could, thay vi chi liet ke hoat dong da lam.