Bài học

Gioi tu chi vi tri trong khu dan cu

Muc tieu

Sau bai hoc nay, em dung dung sau gioi tu chi vi tri — in front of, next to, between, behind, near, opposite — de mieu ta vi tri cac dich vu cong cong trong khu dan cu, ket hop voi there is/are da hoc o bai truoc.

Kien thuc nen can co

Bai truoc em da dung there is/are de noi mot dich vu ton tai o dau do trong khu dan cu. Bai nay bo sung phan con thieu: chinh xac dich vu do nam o vi tri nao so voi cac dia diem khac, bang mot nhom gioi tu chi vi tri.

Cau hoi khoi dong

Trang ve mot ban do don gian cho ban moi chuyen den khu pho, danh dau buu dien, thu vien va benh vien. Nhung khi viet chu thich, Trang chi biet noi 'The library is near the post office' ma khong the mieu ta chinh xac hon — thu vien nam ngay canh, doi dien hay o giua hai dia diem? Do la ly do em can hoc them cac gioi tu chi vi tri khac ngoai near.

Sau gioi tu chi vi tri trong khu dan cu

In front of (phia truoc) va behind (phia sau) mieu ta vi tri doc theo mot truc: 'The bus stop is in front of the library.' / 'The car park is behind the hospital.' Next to (ngay canh, sat ben) noi hai dia diem lien ke nhau, khong co gi o giua: 'The pharmacy is next to the hospital.'

Between (o giua) can hai dia diem di kem, noi bang and: 'The bank is between the post office and the supermarket.' Opposite (doi dien) mieu ta hai dia diem nam doi mat nhau qua mot con duong: 'The police station is opposite the fire station.' Near chi don gian la gan, khong noi ro huong, nen it chinh xac hon cac gioi tu con lai khi ban do can chi tiet.

Mot diem de nham la next to va opposite: next to nghia la sat canh, cung mot phia; opposite nghia la doi dien, khac phia, thuong cach nhau boi mot con duong. Neu thu vien va benh vien cung nam tren mot phia via he, lien ke nhau, dung next to; neu chung nam hai ben duong doi dien nhau, dung opposite.

Between va opposite luon can them mot moc so sanh ro rang o hai phia.

Between luon di kem hai dia diem, khong dung mot minh.

Ví dụ

Chon dung gioi tu vi tri

1
De bai: Thu vien nam ngay canh buu dien, cung mot phia via he. Viet cau mieu ta dung gioi tu. Bay: chon opposite vi nham 'ngay canh' voi 'doi dien'.
2
Thu vien va buu dien lien ke nhau, cung mot phia, nen dung next to, khong phai opposite (danh cho hai dia diem doi mat qua duong).
3
(a) The library is opposite the post office — loai vi opposite chi dung khi hai dia diem doi dien qua duong, khong phai lien ke cung phia. (b) The library is next to the post office — dung. (c) The library is between the post office — loai vi between luon can hai moc, khong dung mot minh. (d) The library is near of the post office — loai vi near khong di voi of.
4
The library is next to the post office.
5
next to danh cho hai dia diem lien ke, cung phia. Bien the: neu chung o hai ben duong doi dien nhau, doi sang opposite.

Ví dụ

Between voi hai moc noi bang and

1
De bai: Ngan hang nam o giua buu dien va sieu thi. Viet cau mieu ta dung. Bay: viet 'between the post office' ma quen them moc thu hai sau and.
2
Between can du hai moc, noi voi nhau bang and: between the post office and the supermarket.
3
(a) The bank is between the post office — loai vi thieu moc thu hai sau and. (b) The bank is between the post office and the supermarket — dung. (c) The bank is next to the post office and the supermarket — loai vi next to chi noi voi mot dia diem, khong the danh cho ca hai cung luc theo cach nay. (d) The bank is opposite the post office and the supermarket — loai vi opposite khong dung theo mo hinh hai moc noi bang and giong between.
4
The bank is between the post office and the supermarket.
5
between + moc 1 + and + moc 2 la cau truc co dinh, khong the bo bot mot moc. Bien the: doi bank thanh pharmacy van giu nguyen cau truc.

Ví dụ

Ket hop there is/are voi gioi tu vi tri

1
De bai: Mieu ta day du bang cau dung ca there is/are va gioi tu vi tri: co mot ngan hang, nam doi dien buu dien. Bay: viet 'There is a bank the post office is opposite', ghep hai mau cau khong dung cach, thieu tu noi.
2
Cau day du dung There is/are + mao tu + danh tu de gioi thieu, roi mot cau moi mieu ta vi tri bang opposite, thay vi nhoi ca hai y vao mot cau.
3
(a) There is a bank the post office is opposite — loai vi ghep hai cau thanh mot cach sai ngu phap, thieu tu noi. (b) There is a bank. It is opposite the post office. — dung, hai cau ro rang, dung ngu phap. (c) There is a bank opposite is the post office — loai vi trat tu tu sai hoan toan. (d) There a bank is opposite the post office — loai vi thieu is dung vi tri sau there.
4
There is a bank. It is opposite the post office.
5
Khi can dung ca there is/are va gioi tu vi tri, cach an toan nhat la tach thanh hai cau ngan, roi dung it/they de nhac lai danh tu vua gioi thieu.

Sai lam thuong gap

Nham lan pho bien nhat la dung next to cho hai dia diem doi dien qua duong, hoac dung opposite cho hai dia diem lien ke cung phia. Truoc khi viet, tu hoi: hai dia diem nay co con duong o giua khong? Neu co, dung opposite; neu khong, dung next to hoac in front of/behind tuy huong.

Luyen tap co huong dan

Luyen tap doc lap

Kiem tra nhanh

Ghi nho

Sau gioi tu vi tri chinh la in front of, behind, next to, near, between, opposite. Between luon can hai moc noi bang and, opposite danh cho vi tri doi dien qua duong, next to danh cho vi tri lien ke cung phia.

Bai tiep theo dung ca there is/are va gioi tu vi tri de luyen ky nang hoi va chi duong den mot dich vu cong cong cu the.